Lead in Homes

What Every Homeowner Should Know

Lead-based paint is a serious concern in older homes, posing potential health risks to occupants, especially children. As a home inspector, I frequently encounter questions about lead paint during inspections. Here’s what you need to know about this hazardous material and how to address it in your home.

The Prevalence of Lead Paint

The use of lead in residential paint was banned in 1978, but many older homes still contain this toxic substance. According to the EPA, the risk increases with the age of the home:

• 24% of homes built between 1960 and 1977 have lead paint
• 69% of homes built between 1940 and 1959 have lead paint
• A staggering 89% of homes built before 1940 have lead paint

Identifying Lead Paint

While intact lead paint doesn’t pose an immediate threat, it becomes hazardous when it starts to deteriorate. During inspections, I look for these telltale signs:

• “Alligatoring” – a distinctive scale-like pattern as the paint cracks and flakes
• Paint chips on floors or windowsills near painted surfaces
• Areas subject to friction or impact, such as doors, windows, and stair treads

Common Locations for Lead Paint

Lead paint is often found in high-friction areas and on various surfaces throughout older homes. Some common locations include:

• Baseboards and window sills
• Doors and door frames
• Exterior surfaces, especially doors and windows
• Kitchen and bathroom woodwork
• Porches and fences
• Stair treads and risers

What to Do If You Suspect Lead Paint

If you’re concerned about lead paint in your home, consider these steps:

1. Get a professional inspection: A certified lead inspector can conduct a thorough assessment using specialized equipment like X-ray fluorescence (XRF) machines
2. Maintain painted surfaces: Keep lead-painted surfaces in good condition to prevent flaking and chipping.
3. Use lead-safe work practices: If renovating, hire contractors certified in lead-safe practices.
4. Consider encapsulation or removal: For severely deteriorated surfaces, encapsulation or professional removal may be necessary.

The Role of Home Inspectors

As a home inspector, I can’t definitively identify lead paint during a standard inspection. However, I always note potential signs of lead paint and advise clients about the possibility in homes built before 1978

Protecting Your Family

If you live in an older home, be proactive about lead safety:

• Regularly clean floors, window sills, and other surfaces
• Wash children’s hands and toys frequently
• Use lead-safe practices when renovating
• Consider having your water tested for lead, especially if you have lead water supply lines

Remember, while lead paint can be a serious issue, it’s manageable with proper precautions and professional help. If you’re buying an older home or concerned about lead in your current residence, don’t hesitate to consult with a certified lead inspector or your local health department for guidance.